The Bia Tano, Ankobra and Pra rivers constitute the South-Western river systems. The Tordzie/Aka, Densu, Ayensu, Ochi-Nakwa and Ochi-Amissah form the Coastal river systems (Ghana National Water Policy 2007). Ghana’s sacred groves have been the site of several international and local projects to document biodiversity and to pilot community-based conservation models. The river rises generally from a mountain or lake in a tableland. Water are used as raw material in various industries. Rivers provide life-sustaining supplies of water and important nutrients for living organisms around the world, including humans, plants and fish. Considering the importance of dry season vegetable farming and the significant climatic and anthropogenic changes that have continued to exacerbate the food insecurity in Nigeria rendering poor household more vulnerable; the need to assess the farming practice in the floodplains of River Katsina-Ala with the view to improving it Ghana - Geography. The region was rich in gold, and its acquisition meant that Ghana would become a leading force in the trans-Saharan trade network. Mount Atiwiredu. Quick Facts about Niger River, West Africa French Name: Fleuve Niger There is an interesting anecdote concerned with how the Volta River Project was resurrected. One of Africa's great success stories, the country is reaping the benefits of a stable democracy in the form of fast-paced development. Niger River, Volta River, Senegal River, Sankari River, Benue River ... ivory, cotton, spices, jewels, gum, Arabic slaves. They provide us with fresh water which is helpful for various purposes such as drinking, cleaning, washing, etc. Ghana, first of the great medieval trading empires of western Africa (fl. a) Deposits in Minerals: Many of the highlands in Ghana contain minerals like gold, diamonds, bauxite and manganese. A great opportunity to transform the economy of northern Ghana. (Yahaya, 2002). Komla Gbedemah, the Minister of Finance and a top leader of Ghana second only to Nkrumah, was traveling in the U.S. in 1957. This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name. 1. The actual construction was launched in 1961 by Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, the first president of Ghana and was completed in 1965. The Volta system in Ghana includes the Volta river, the Volta lake and their tributaries, such as, rivers Oti, Pru, White Volta, Black Volta and Asukawkaw. Top Sights in Ghana, Africa. This stream gradually widens in its course. The course of the river. An essay on river. Ghana has major surface water resources in Lake Volta and its tributary rivers, but away from these groundwater is a key resource, particularly in dry seasons and in the drier north. The Congo is the Earth's second largest river by volume, draining an area of 3.7 million square kilometers (1.4 million square miles) known as the Congo Basin. Located in south-eastern Ghana between Longitudes 0° 40′ E and 1° 10′ E and Latitudes 5° 25′ N and 6° 20′ N, the Volta Delta of Ghana covers an area of about 4562 km 2 (Appeaning Addo et al. Ghana Landmarks. The Volta river system basin, consists of the Oti, Daka, Pru, Sene and Afram rivers as well as the white and black Volta rivers; it accounts for about 70% of the country`s water resources. 7. Toggle navigation. It's importance is mainly due to the Volta dam. The Volta River and its tributaries serve as a good source of water for the inhabitants of six riparian states namely; Ghana, Benin, Habitats. Rising in the Kwahu Plateau near Mpraeso and flowing southward for 240 km through rich cocoa and farming areas and valuable forests in the Akan lowlands, the Pra enters the Gulf of Guinea east of Takoradi. On April 26, 1961, the Volta River Authority (VRA) was established with the mandate to generate, transmit and distribute electricity under the Volta River Development Act, Act 46 of the Republic of Ghana. It also shares the Bia and Tano River basins with Cote d’Ivoire. The Pra River is a river in Ghana, the easternmost and the largest of the three principal rivers that drain the area south of the Volta divide. When you say not navigable, I assume you mean it is not used for a formal way of transportation. Few years back, I remember asking a similar questi... Northern Region of Ghana negatively impacted food security and livelihood systems in the entire country [3]. Water used for cooling is warmer than the river itself, and this is also a form of pollution. Vegetation Zones of Forest • The delta covers 20,000 km² within wetlands of 70,000 km² formed primarily by sediment deposition. There was a great abundance of gold around the Niger and Senegal Rivers. It is an excellent habitat for innumerable animals and living organism. They play a very important part in the water cycle, acting as drainage channels for surface water. Ghana abounds in rivers, seas, dams and dugouts, all of which make aquaculture feasible nationwide. The landscape is low-lying with few short irregular hills and depressions in some parts of the city. Rivers just keep on flowing without any stop. 7th–13th century). Renewable energies are sources of clean, inexhaustible and increasingly competitive energy.They differ from fossil fuels principally in their diversity, abundance and potential for use anywhere on the planet, but above all in that they produce neither greenhouse gases – which cause climate change – nor polluting emissions. Rivers are important because they transport water, provide habitat, support economic activities and enable transportation. • Home to 20 million people. Boahen, bases his account of Ancient Ghana on Al-Bakri and Al-Idrisi, two Arabic scholars writing their descriptions in 1067 and in 1154 respectively, when Ghana was at … Ghana - Ghana - Resources and power: Although Ghana has a wide range of minerals, only some—gold, diamonds, manganese, and bauxite (the principal ore of aluminum)—are exploited. Location The Densu Basin is located at the South Eastern part of Ghana and lies within longitudes 10 30'W -10 45'W and latitudes 50 45'N - 60 15'N. They have shaped the rhythm of life for untold generations of riparian peoples, linking cultures across political borders. Filters • 1. Ancient civilizations like the one at Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro grew up in Indus valley. When a tree dies and its trunk falls to the forest floor, it decays and the nutrients it contains are recycled. Ghana before 1957 was commonly known as the Gold Coast due to the availability of gold along the rivers Ankobra and Volta. At its peak, it stretched well over 1,000 miles from the current modern day country of Niger to the Atlantic Ocean. 5.It … Smaller rivers are River Bia, River Offin, River Birim, River Anum and River Ayensu. Attractions. However, if trees are removed from the forest, the nutrients are removed with it. Significance of river in the economy of our country: 1.River is basic natural resource. This is a list of rivers in Ghana. The important rivers of India are Ganga, Yamuna, … The plateau forms one of the important physical divides in Ghana. the volume of water in most river basins in Ghana including the Volta River Basin. Dirty water containing chemicals is put back in the river. People. Box LG 581, Legon, Ghana. Pra River is one of the rivers in Ghana emanating from the Volta as it flows through some of the most fertile lands in Ghana. The most important of these are the Pra River, the Tano River, the Ankobra River, the Birim River, and the Densu River. Rivers provide excellent habitat and food for many of the earth's organisms. Other important impoundments are the Weija and Owabi Reservoirs on the Rivers Densu and Offin, respectively. 3. History of Ghana Medieval Ghana (4th - 13th Century): The Republic of Ghana is named after the medieval Ghana Empire of West Africa.The actual name of the Empire was Wagadugu. Ancient Ghana is located in a different place than the modern country of Ghana in West Africa. The Empire of Ghana was located in Western Africa in what is today the countries of Mauritania, Senegal, and Mali. Here the river forms into an unusual inland delta, which provides an important area of bogs, marshes and lakes in the middle of the otherwise waterless Sahara. It goes without saying, but fresh, clean water is essential for humans and nature to survive. SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF RIVERS IN GHANA. With the exception of smaller streams that dry up in the dry seasons or rivers that empty into inland lakes, all the major rivers in the country flow into the Gulf of Guinea directly or as tributaries to other major rivers. The plateau forms one of the important physical divides in Ghana. Ghana, formerly the British colony of the Gold Coast, assumes a special prominence as the first African country to acquire independence from European rule. On its way, it is joined by other smaller rivers. UNESCO sponsored the Cooperative Integrated Project on Savanna Ecosystems in Ghana (CIPSEG), which focused on the Jaagbo sacred grove, from 1993 to 1996. Importance of Rivers cannot be stated in just few words. Major rivers of Ghana include the following; The Volta, River Tano, River Ankobra, River Pra and River Densu. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ADAPTATION 8 2.1 The need for adaptation 8 2.2 Adaptation and the UNFCCC 10 III. The remaining power is used domestically. The people of ancient Ghana also used gold as weights for measurement and as a means to assist in trade. In an era of post-COVID-19 recovery, AOG … Birds, birding and bird watching important bird areas in Ghana In Important Bird Areas in Africa and Associated Islands (NTIAMO-BAIDU et al 2001), 36 IBAs are listed for Ghana the majority being in the southern parts of the country and especially in the south-west corner bordering Côte d’Ivoire. Rivers as source of drinking water: Rivers have played a major role in civilization progress since ancient times. Ghana is located on West Africa's Gulf of Guinea only a few degrees north of the Equator. 3.Rivers deposite alluvial soil, the most fertile soil for a country. In Ghana, that is what we call a PROMOTION…‘donkomi’, when you get to Makola. The early history of Ghana is unknown, but there is evidence that North Africa had begun importing gold from West Africa before the Arab conquest in the middle of the 7th century. Between 500 AD–1250 AD, Ancient Ghana flourished in the southern Sahel north of the middle Niger and middle Senegal Rivers. Climate Most of West Africa, from the southern Sahara to the humid coastal countries, has only one rainy season, which lasts from one to six months. Most rivers are now yoked with dams and reservoirs, but on this map, rivers run free. COVID-19: OUR CORPORATE EFFORTS. These river systems make up 70, 22 and 8%, respectively, of the total land area of about 240,000 km 2. Ghana’s water resources potential is divided into surface and groundwater sources. From its northeastern slopes, the Afram and Pru Rivers flow into the Volta River, while from the opposite side, the Pra, Birim, Ofin, Tano, and other rivers flow south toward the sea. The Songhai Empire was located in Western Africa south of the Sahara Desert and along the Niger River. Ghanaians, like most other Africans, have a strong sense of hospitality. Therefore, their treatment of a foreigner may differ considerably from the... This electricity is mainly used to power a big aluminium smeltery. Given Ghana’s strategic importance to stability and economic development in West Africa, threats to its stability portend significant ramifications for regional peace and security. And it shows: Ghana is suffused with the most incredible energy. The Ankobra River is primarily situated in Ghana rising north east of Wiawso, it flows about 190 kilometres (120 mi) south to the Gulf of Guinea and its entire course is in south Ghana. The plateau … Rivers are precious sources of fresh drinking water for people across the world. Ghana has two major lakes: Volta and Bosumtwi. The Niger River and the Growth of Ghana and Mali Empires Audrey de Guzman For Mr. Haskvitz 2. Ghana, however, faced all the daunting challenges of independence that would soon be felt across Africa. The most important of these are the Pra River, the Tano River, the Ankobra River, the Birim River, and the Densu River. River Nile is the longest river in Africa and in the world with the length of 6,650 km (4,132mi) flowing northwards from Burundi through Rwanda, Uganda, South Sudan, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Egypt on its way to Mediterranean Sea. Nkrumah tried to free Ghana from this dependence by building the Akosambo Dam on the Volta River, but the project put Ghana deeply in debt and created intense opposition. Enter dates. Ghana is not only a regional hub for economic activities but also a beacon of stable … By 1000 B.C.E., the nation had undergone strategic expansion and taken control of a large pocket of land between the upper Niger and Senegal Rivers. The king owned most of the gold and all the gold nuggets, whereas the people were only allowed to … The importance of the coastal lagoons of Ghana for wetland birds is summarized by Piersma and Ntiamoa-Baidu (1995), and for the Niger Delta in Hughes and Hughes (1992). Rivers are the backbone of human civilization! Another 22% of Ghana is covered by the southwestern river system watershed comprising the Bia, Tano, Ankobra … The total annual runoff for Ghana is about 54.4 billion m3 out of which the Volta, South-western and Coastal Rivers Systems contribute a total of 38.3 billion m3 in the proportions of 64.7%, Water bodies are perhaps the easiest way to tell if you’re still on track. This is because half of the drinking water that is consumed in Accra is from the Densu River. The 116 kilometer river is located in the South East part of Ghana and it rises in the Atewa Range stretching all the way to the wetlands just close to the Atlantic Ocean. The Volta system is made up of the Red, Black and White Volta Rivers as well as the Oti River. In the Western Region, the main water bodies that have been polluted include the River Pra, Daboase,and River Ankobra. a limited number of rivers with the Amazon carrying 16% of the global runoff, and the Congo-Zaire River carrying one-third of the total river runoff in all of Africa. Traveler favorites. In the north, the best time is from November to January because in February it gets even hotter. Ancient Ghana was known as the "land of gold." With three main tributaries; the Birim, Anum and Ofin rivers, it cuts through the Akan lowlands which play host to very important forests and … | Hailed as West Africa's golden child, Ghana deserves its place in the sun. As the empires of Ghana and Mali rose and fell, the Songhai fishermen slowly expanded from a region south of the great bend of the river Niger. In 1992, BBC-TV showed a remarkable documentary entitled “Black Power”.It was about Ghana’s Volta River Project which the country’s first president, Kwame Nkrumah had planned as the core of an intergrated industrial programme to transform the three-year-old independent Ghana into an industrialised country in the space of just a generation. The Niger River and the Growth of Ghana and Mali Empires 1. The ancient kingdom of Ghana was a key part of the Trans-Sahara Trade Route. They are promoting you, your money, their shop, their goods, just come and buy oo, come and buy. GHANA MEDICAL JOURNAL IMPORTANCE OF BULINUS GLOBOSUS SNAILS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN EIGHT VILLAGES IN SOUTHERN GHANA E. ARYEETEY, Y. WAGATSUMAI, G. K. YEBOAH2, M. ASANTE2, G. MENSAH, S. KOJIMA3 Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, P. O. Arid and semiarid zones of the world, which constitute 40% of the The gold availability in the region created vested interests between the British, Portuguese resulting to rivalry in 1482. The negative effects would affect agriculture, the environment and human livelihoods (Ndamani and Watanabe, 2015). 4. Ghana … Some of these small rivers die prematurely because of over grazing. Angola Oil & Gas, the official meeting place and investment platform for the Angolan oil industry, is back in 2021 for its second edition. And when rivers are so badly polluted by industry or unevenly distributed by poor water … Ghana has the potential for, and places much value on the development of, inland and brackish water aquaculture and culture-based fisheries as an important means of increasing national fish production. A view of the Volta River. Ghana like many other African countries is endowed with very rich culture and tradition. The backbone of Songhai’ power was the mighty Niger River. People are sometimes careless and throw rubbish such as bottles and crisp packets directly into rivers. 4.1).The Volta Delta lies within the Keta Basin, which is one of several fault-controlled sedimentary basins in West Africa (Appeaning Addo et al. The results on the importance placed on forest by respondents on galamsey forest clearing and its associated impacts on rivers and streams protection are substantiated by Wilk (2000) who found similar locally held knowledge of the linkages between forest and two watersheds in rural Thailand and India. At least 95% of the Amazon’s river flow is inaccessible and half the Congo-Zaire river is inaccessible. Accra, the capital city of Ghana, is located at the south- eastern part of Ghana, and stretches between longitudes 5 ˚ 33' to 5 ˚ 55' north and latitudes 0 ˚ 15' to 0 ˚ 25' west. Rivers are lifeline for any country or society. Water supply to metropolis, cities and towns is mostly carried out fro large rivers and dams of sma... River deltas usually have varied species of wildlife, insects, birds, and mammals to use the delta for their shelter and food. Ghana is one of a few countries in the world blessed with so much resources ranging from water, mineral resources, fertile lands, timber, cocoa, hu... From its northeastern slopes, the Afram and Pru Rivers flow into the Volta River, while from the opposite side, the Pra, Birim, Ofin, Tano, and other rivers flow south toward the sea. The Volta Clam, Galatea paradoxa (=Egeria radiata) occurs in the lower reaches of certain large West African rivers including the Volta River. The Ghana Empire lay in the Sahel region to the north of the West African gold fields, and was able to profit from controlling the trans-Saharan gold trade. The significance of the Niger River cannot be overemphasized. Lake Volta is human-made while Lake Bosumtwi is a natural water body. ... important history, with knowledgeable guides, this memorial park is more of a small museum than a p ... Assin Manso Ancestral Slave River Park. The region lies just south of the Sahara Desert and is mostly savanna grasslands. The industry surrounding the Volta clam supports a very large riparian population and provides a substantial protein source for people in the lower Volta area of Ghana. 2018). Abomosu is a small town sited between Anyinam and Asuom in the Kwaebribrim District. • River Volta : It is the largest and longest river in Ghana. The river supports aquatic ecosystem. The unprotected soil is then simply washed away in heavy rains, causing blockages and floods in lowland rivers, while leaving upland rivers dry. Among these issues was its economic dependence on the West. Explore Ghana holidays and discover the best time and places to visit. Sahara. This dam, close to the town of Akosombo, generates a lot of electricity. Rivers carry water and nutrients to areas all around the earth. The Congo River. As early as 1915, Albert Ernest Kitson, a geologist had floated the idea of constructing a dam in Ghana. At first several very narrow streams of water join together and form one larger stream. Major rivers in the region such as the Gambia River, Senegal River, and the Niger River served as the means of transportation and trade. Many rare plants and trees grow by rivers. The reservoir at this dam help to generate electricity to the people of Ghana via the Volta River Authority and help to provide a route for inland water transport. There are many way that the rivers of Ghana are important to the country, its wildlife and its people. Intensifying sustainable agricultural production through improved smallholder irrigation, flood-recession farming, and enhanced rainfed production systems and related ecosystem services is a key priority in the work being carried out by the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) in the Volta River Basin. Ghanaian politicians marked this important transition by replacing the territory's colonial label with the … We humans exist because of rivers. But even earlier than the trading that went on between east and west Africa, the kingdom of Ghana acted as guards for the traders from the north, and the traders from the south. A question for the gods.. we were never taught in school so my guess os good as yours.. fishing..lol The Pearl River. Since the colonial era many of the settlements of the area have developed in rural towns and even metropolitan areas.€€ For centuries, the Niger River has sustained powerful West African empires such as the Old Ghana Empire, the Songhai Empire and the Mali Empire. Western Region. 3 UNFCCC CLIMATE CHANGE: IMPACTS, VULNERABILITIES AND ADAPTATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES I. Ghana shares the Volta River basin with Burkina Faso, Togo, Cote d’Ivoire and Mali. I will talk of two rivers that’s the River Nile And Congo. The longest river in Africa is river Nile covering a distance of 6,670Km flowing from Ea... 71% people also live on farm(crop) then do farm always need River(water) The rivers is played very important role in providing irrigation water, drinking water, electricity, easy & cheap transportation, other miscellaneous works has been done with the help of rivers. In the 19th century, the Pra served as the border between the Ashanti Confederacy and the Gold Coast. The traditional culture of Ghana stressed a strong relationship with the environment, and in the past, a culturally acceptable environmental management resulted from strictures and taboos related to water bodies, land, and deep forest. Small ships can navigate 80 kilometres (40 nmi; 50 mi) inland, whilst the upper reaches contain rapids . Ghana, as an empire, felt that gold was important due to the king limiting it and using the silent barter system. He and his secretary, an African American, stopped for breakfast at a roadside restaurant in Delaware and ordered orange juice. The Densu River is of specific importance since it includes the Weija Reservoir which supplies water for approximately half of the Accra Metropolitan Area. With an elevation of 2,539 feet makes the mount to appear among the list of major … DRUGGED UP A global survey found antibiotics in about two-thirds of 711 river sites tested, including in the Odaw River running through Ghana’s capital of Accra (shown). 2018) (Fig. The use and importance of water is felt most when our taps cease to flow and our rivers run dry, we suddenly realize that water indeed is life. Without rivers, life will come to a halt. The best time to visit Ghana is generally the winter, from December to February, since it is the driest and sunniest period of the year: the weather is generally good, although it's hot during the day in the center-north. The river with its tributaries cover about 67% of the total land area of Ghana. 15. Surface water resources are mainly from three river systems that drain Ghana, namely: the Volta, South Western and Coastal river systems. North Africans trade caravans crossed what desert to reach Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. The sheer diversity of Ghana’s climate and geography has created some of the most unique rivers. The king owned most of the gold, because the gold mines brought income into the royal treasury. Marine, as well as other land animals, live by the river for food and water. Example, Atewa has large deposits of bauxite. The Volta is by far the biggest river in Ghana. It's importance is mainly due to the Volta dam. This dam, close to the town of Akosombo, generates... The Head of Communications at the Ghana Water Company, Steve Mantey on the Citi Breakfast Show on Wednesday, gave an overview of water bodies in the some regions that have been polluted by illegal mining activities. Africa’s great rivers have nourished some of the world’s most significant civilizations. Importance of Relief Features in Ghana. The seasonal floods in this region support fishing and agricultural industries. List of Top 10 Rivers in Africa River Nile Background. I'm a Ghanaian-Nigerian lol, and I've stayed in each countries for nine years each, my family and I relocated to Ghana in 2010. So I'll say I know... Outside the Volta system, the major inland water system of Ghana includes the Densu, Ayensu, Okye, Kakum, Pra, Ankobra, Tano and Bia river … These include among them the most famous lake in the region of Lake Volta and a number of The river is a large stream of water. Ghana constructed the Akosombo Dam (completed in 1965) in a gorge where the Volta cuts through the Akwapim–Togo Range, creating the world’s largest artificial lake, Lake Volta. Factories use water from rivers to power machinery or to cool down machinery. Jones (1994) also provides a general summary of the biodiversity values of the Gulf of Guinea. Were there many or only two important trade routes from NOrth to West Africa? In addition to these, the only significant natural freshwater lake in Ghana is the meteoritic crater lake, Lake Bosumtwi. Ghana has many rivers some are large and others are small. The main river system is the Volta River which occupies about one third of the country.... The Senegal River (Arabic: نهر السنغال Nahr As-sinigāl, French: Fleuve Sénégal) is a 1,086 km (675 mi) long river in West Africa that forms the border between Senegal and Mauritania.It has a drainage basin of 270,000 km 2, a mean flow of 680 m 3 /s, and an annual discharge of 21.5 km 3.Important tributaries are the Falémé River, Karakoro River, and the Gorgol River. Ghana is, indeed, endowed with different unique water bodies just as its awe-inspiring mountains, epic road trips, enormous national parks, monuments, beautiful waterfalls, sceneries and night life. It has tributaries including the East River, the West River and the North River, and is one of seven major rivers in China. The plateau … You cannot find it on Ghana's Political Map because there is not much going on there other than gold mining. 2.It is essential for agricultural,human and industrial activities. World of Rivers World of Rivers A new chapter of river mapping reveals the true intricacies of river flow as headwaters feed consecutively larger tributaries that surrender their water to the main stream. Ghana is well blessed with numerous water resources. Agriculture is also important, particularly cocoa, of which Ghana is one of the world’s largest producers. Relief features (highlands and lowlands) are important in many ways. This article assesses strategies by rural communities in the basin of the River Offin in Ghana to cope with climate change and variability. Ghana.€€€ The industry is declining however.€€ In addition to agriculture trade and craft production are important to the people of the Northern zone. This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name. With this surplus of mineral resource, Ghana was able to greatly boost its economy and create trade routes and relationships. This reason no only india all world have need rivers(water) India is also FARMERS COUNTRY. The rivers were imperative to Ghana because their economy was based on trade and at that time, rivers were the fastest way to carry goods. Gold was plentiful around Nigeria and Senegal. Gold was exported to West Africans and in return, Ghana received salt, which was abundant in the Sahara. Rivers drain nearly 75% of the earth's land surface. INTRODUCTION 5 II. Similarly the ancient Egyptian civilization grew along the river Nile. Ac-cra ranges about 20 m above sea level on the average. The Pearl River, with a total length of 2400 km, is the third longest rivers in Chinese territory. Similarly, floods in 2010 in the White Volta River Basin, which preceded a period of drought, damaged several farmlands, food crops and seeds, livestock, human life, and property, thus weakening Ghana’s economic freedom score is 59.4, making its economy the 104th freest in the 2020 Index. Its overall score has increased by 1.9 point, helped... The Songhai founded the bustling trading city of Gao just south of this bend in the 1300s c.e. The capital city of the Songhai was the city of Gao which was located in modern-day Mali on the banks of the Niger River. Much of the basin is covered by rich tropical rainforests and swamps. THE IMPORTANCE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY. With the exception of smaller streams that dry up in the dry seasons or rivers that empty into inland lakes, all the major rivers in Ghana flow into the Gulf of Guinea directly or as tributaries to other major rivers.
Standard Deviation Of Log Returns Excel, Jennie Garth Reality Show, Covid-19 Questionnaire, Seismic Productions Address, Evernote Table Add Column, Mally Poreless Perfection Foundation Medium Tan, Maniyarayile Ashokan Full Movie Online Watch Tamilrockers,